The Free
Exchange column in a recent issue of the Economist examined the role of government in
the evolution of money – click here.
Karl Menger famously argued in his 1892 Economic Journal article that
money evolves organically without anyone inventing it and without government
intervention. In a lesser known paper,
Charles Goodhart argues for a cartalist view of the origin of money i.e.,
government plays a significant role in the rise of a monetary economy. The main implication of the Mengerian view is that government should get out of money. The main implication of the Goodhartian view is that fiscal and monetary matters are the concern of governments and the two should not be divorced as is the case with the euro.
My colleague and former PhD student Gareth Campbell has created a website about the British Railway Mania - click here . This episode has been described by the Economist as probably the greatest bubble in human history. Gareth's website provides background on the Mania and posits some explanations for the 'bubble'. In his explanation of why the bubble happened, Gareth places a lot of emphasis on investor myopia regarding future dividends and uncalled capital. His study of investors during the episode does not support the view that this episode was fuelled by naive and irrational investors.