Greg Mankiw, professor of economics at Harvard, has written a paper which seeks to defend the top one percent of income earners (click here). He starts his paper by showing how an entrepreneur (e.g., Steve Jobs) can become super wealthy whilst benefiting society. However, many of the one percent have become wealthy through rent seeking (think financiers and overpaid CEOs) and at other people's expense rather than through creating products or services which benefit society as a whole.
My colleague and former PhD student Gareth Campbell has created a website about the British Railway Mania - click here . This episode has been described by the Economist as probably the greatest bubble in human history. Gareth's website provides background on the Mania and posits some explanations for the 'bubble'. In his explanation of why the bubble happened, Gareth places a lot of emphasis on investor myopia regarding future dividends and uncalled capital. His study of investors during the episode does not support the view that this episode was fuelled by naive and irrational investors.