Click here to really a fascinating post on the history and usefulness of the Gini coefficient, which is the standard way to measure income inequality (hat tip - Graham Brownlow). There is a really good map in the post which allows you to click on a country and find out its current Gini score as calculated by the CIA.
My colleague and former PhD student Gareth Campbell has created a website about the British Railway Mania - click here . This episode has been described by the Economist as probably the greatest bubble in human history. Gareth's website provides background on the Mania and posits some explanations for the 'bubble'. In his explanation of why the bubble happened, Gareth places a lot of emphasis on investor myopia regarding future dividends and uncalled capital. His study of investors during the episode does not support the view that this episode was fuelled by naive and irrational investors.